关于理想平行板电容器充电过程的能量传输问题

通过对基于简单RC电路的理想平行板电容器缓慢充电过程的研究,得到了相关的电磁场分布以及能量分布,并讨论了其中的电磁场能量传输问题．     

The vibration and stability of non-homogeneous orthotropic conical shells with clamped edges subjected to uniform external pressures

In this paper an analytical procedure is given to study the free vibration and stability characteristics of homogeneous and non-homogeneous orthotropic truncated and complete conical shells with clamped edges under uniform external pressures. The non-homogeneous orthotropic material properties of conical shells vary continuously in the thickness direction. The governing equations according to the Donnell’s theory are solved by Galerkin’s method and critical hydrostatic and lateral pressures and fundamental natural frequencies have been found analytically. The appropriate formulas for homogeneous orthotropic and isotropic conical shells and for cylindrical shells made of homogeneous and non-homogeneous, orthotropic and isotropic materials are found as a special case. Several examples are presented to show the accuracy and efficiency of the formulation. The closed-form solutions are verified by accurate different solutions. Finally, the influences of the non-homogeneity, orthotropy and the variations of conical shells characteristics on the critical lateral and hydrostatic pressures and natural frequencies are investigated, when Young’s moduli and density vary together and separately. The results obtained for homogeneous cases are compared with their counterparts in the literature.     

并联谐振电路在调制器充电电源中的应用

文章探讨了一种新颖的并联谐振高压开关电路, 该电路无需使用外加谐振元件, 只利用变压器的漏感和分布电容作为谐振参数, 既减小了变压器寄生参数的影响, 也简化电路. 设计采用调频器件CD4046对MOS管进行开关频率控制, 且令变换器工作于过谐振模式时, 该电路能够体现出对电容恒流充电的特性. 文中对电路的工作过程进行了简要分析, 并给出了功率计算和实验波形.     

微乳法制备无定形NiO及其电化学电容行为

采用微乳法合成无定形Ni(OH)₂前驱体,经煅烧得到NiO,通过TEM、XRD、TG、DSC对前驱体和产物的形貌、结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,NiO仍为无定形结构。在煅烧温度低于600 ℃时,晶体生长活化能为10.72 kJ·mol^-1,且晶体生长以界面扩散为主。采用恒流充放电、循环伏安和电化学阻抗方法研究了AC/NiO混合电容器的电容行为。结果表明,在100 mA·g^-1电流密度下,其比电容、比功率和比能量分别为104.4 F·g^-1、75 W·kg^-1和65.3 Wh·kg^-1,200次循环后容量保持率为87.7%。在0～1.5 V电压范围内AC/NiO混合电容器具有良好的电容特性。     

旋转椭球形电容器的电容与静电能

采取一种新的方法求解得出了旋转椭球形电容器的电容和静电能.     

金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性评估

 为更加高效地评价自愈式高储能密度金属化膜脉冲电容器的可靠性水平,提出了一种基于步降加速退化试验的金属化膜脉冲电容器可靠性评估算法。对步降加速退化试验进行了阐述,深入探讨了可靠性评估中的关键步骤——试验数据折算过程。在此基础上,提出了基于伪失效寿命的步降加速退化可靠性评估算法和基于随机退化轨迹的步降加速退化可靠性评估算法,最后利用具体实例对该方法的有效性进行了验证。结果表明,与现有方法相比,该方法在保证评估精度的基础上,试验时间可以缩短45%。     

碳基双电层电容器的结构、机理及研究进展

活性炭基双电层电容器是一种新型电化学能量储存装置,其储电机理是利用电极材料比较大的比表面积在电极和电解液之间形成双电层储存电荷,充放电过程中无化学反应发生。活性炭材料由于具有较大的比表面积、良好的孔结构分布、化学惰性表面等,一直是双电层电容器电极的首选材料。本文简要介绍了双电层电容器的制造工艺、应用及发展趋势。     

Silver nanoparticles decorated on a three-dimensional graphene scaffold for electrochemical applications

Silver metal nanoparticles were decorated by electron beam evaporation on graphene foam (GF) grown by chemical vapour deposition. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to investigate the structure and morphology of the graphene foam/silver nanoparticles (GF/Ag). Both samples were tested as electrodes for supercapacitors. The GF/Ag exhibited a significantly higher capacitive performance, including a specific capacitance value of (~110 Fg⁻¹) and excellent cyclability in a three-electrode electrochemical cell. These results demonstrate that graphene foam could be an excellent platform for metal particles for investigating improved electrochemical performance.     

束流轨道与相关环境参数的同步诊断技术

粒子加速器由于受地基振动、环境温度、热效应等因素的影响,导致束流位置探头(BPM)所在真空盒的机械中心相对四极铁磁中心的漂移较大,因此很难提高束流轨道的绝对测量精度。探索利用电容式探头实时检测该漂移量的方法。首先分析了电容式探头的测量原理,并设计了轨道振动同步诊断方案,然后设计了专用探头,并利用数据采集设备对探头的线性度、精度和频率响应进行实验室测试。结果显示电容式探头能检测到2μm的相对位移,且可有效检测300Hz以下的振动频率,可用于束流轨道与相关环境参数的同步诊断。     

随机阈值冲击模型金属化膜脉冲电容器可靠性分析

基于惯性约束聚变强激光装置中金属化膜脉冲电容器"自愈"的失效机理,提出了更为适合的冲击模型金属化膜脉冲电容器可靠性评估方法。现有的加速退化试验中,失效阈值往往是事先确定的,但考虑可靠性产品个体差异及环境影响的不同,这是不合理的,针对此问题提出了基于随机阈值的冲击模型金属化膜脉冲电容器退化建模的方法。由于模型过于复杂,采用MCMC方法进行参数估计。最后通过对电容器的仿真实验,将随机阈值下的评估结果与固定阈值的情况相对比,说明了该模型和方法的合理性,并进一步分析了不同的阈值分布均值和方差对产品可靠性的影响。